Studer E36

The Studer E36 (often branded as Revox E36) is a legendary early-1960s Swiss reel-to-reel tape recorder, marking a significant step forward from previous models with increased versatility, hybrid electronics, and semi-professional features.

Core Technical Specifications

• Track Format: Available in both half-track (2-track) and quarter-track (4-track) stereo and mono configurations.

• Tape Speeds: 3¾ and 7½ ips (inches per second).

• Max Reel Size: Accepts up to 10.5" (26.5cm) reels.

• Number of Motors: 2

• Number of Heads: 3 (Permalloy, stereo configuration)

• Frequency Response: 40Hz–15kHz at 7½ ips

• Wow and Flutter: 0.1% at 7½ ips

• Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Better than 50dB

• Channel Separation: ≥55dB (mono), 40dB (stereo)

• Bias Frequency: 70kHz

• Rewind Speed: 80 seconds for 2,400ft reel

• Outputs: RCA (cathode follower; 1V at 5kΩ impedance)

• Inputs: Mic (100μV/200Ω), radio (80mV/120kΩ), diode (variable)

• Amplifier Output Power: 6W (single channel, <1% distortion)

• Loudspeaker: Built-in with permanent magnet dynamic driver

• Power Supply: Multi-voltage (110–125–145–220V AC)

• Dimensions (W x H x D): 18 x 13 x 11in (457 x 330 x 279mm)

• Weight: ~50lbs (22.7kg)

Electronics & Tubes

• Electronics: Hybrid, combining vacuum tubes and early semiconductors (notable for marking the transition from full tube amplification).

• Tube Complement: 3 × ECC83, 2 × ECC81, 1 × ECL82, 2 × ECL80, 1 × EM71 (magic eye)

• Semiconductors: 4 × OC45, 3 × OA81, 3 × selenium bridge rectifiers

Features and Usability

• Mixing & Multitrack: Designed to support mixing, echo, and multi-recording functions for enthusiasts.

• Magic Eye Level Indicator: Single EM71, selectable to show level for either channel or the sum of both.

• Transport & Tape Path: Heavy-duty mechanics, solenoid pinch roller, precise mechanical and electric brakes.

• Auto Reverse: No

• Metering: Single beam "magic eye" tube (EM71); later improved on F36.

• Reliability: Well regarded for long-term reliability and serviceability, but less advanced than the F36 in terms of international compatibility and features.

Evolution and Context

• The E36 brought more advanced recording features compared to earlier Revox models (like the A36-B36-C36) and was the first in significant volume to reach the British market, appearing in 1962.

• Superseded by the F36, which added further refinements (such as the dual-beam EMM801 magic eye and more robust electronics for international standards)